EVM

The Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) is the runtime environment for transaction execution in Ethereum. It includes a stack, memory, gas balance (see below), program counter, and the persistent storage for all accounts (including contract code).

It has since been used by many oher blockchains (Avalanche, Fantom, Harmony) and layer 2 scaling solutions (Optmistic and ZK-rollups) given its general purpose nature and developer community size.