EVM

The Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) is the runtime environment for transaction execution in Ethereum. It includes a stack, memory, gas balance (see below), program counter, and the persistent storage for all accounts (including contract code).

It has since been used by many oher blockchains (Avalanche, Fantom, Harmony, BNB chain and many more) and layer 2 scaling solutions (Optmistic and ZK-rollups) given its general purpose nature and developer community size.

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The EVM Handbook by @noxx3xxon